Underground houses offer unique benefits, such as energy efficiency, protection from the elements, noise reduction, and seamless integration into natural surroundings. However, constructing an underground…

Compared to the 1980s, concrete production has increased 3 times. Every year, the world produces 30 billion tons of concrete. After conversion, this is 3.75 tons of new concrete per person (1.63m³/per capita).…

In a time when building systems are diverse, it is easy to get lost in the content of terms. Some structures deviate from common designations, such as the rough construction of a short house.

Rough construction:

Commonly, this refers to…

Is it necessary to have passive ventilation, i.e., heat recovery in the house since 2021?

There is no single regulation that forces people to have heat recovery ventilation (HRV) in their homes. So why do many architects claim that HRV is…